here, as elsewhere in Deuteronomy, joy equals gratefulness. Gratefulness to God, in turn, is shown in generosity toward others. That is why Deuteronomy sees in the feasts a time of rejoicing before God and generosity toward the less fortunate. Just as God was generous to Israel, so Israel shall be generous to others. In Deuteronomy the law acts as a tutor teaching gratefulness. It trains people through the repetition of ritual not only how to act but also how to feel. In this sense, the law is like